Tesamorelin

Tesamorelin is a synthetic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog developed by Theratechnologies Inc. It consists of the 44-amino acid sequence of human GHRH with a trans-3-hexenoic acid modification at the N-terminus, which enhances its stability and bioactivity. The FDA approved tesamorelin (marketed as Egrifta) in 2010 for the reduction of excess abdominal fat in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy, making it one of the few peptides with current FDA approval status.

HIV-associated lipodystrophy is a condition characterized by abnormal fat redistribution, particularly visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation, that occurs in patients on antiretroviral therapy. Clinical trials demonstrated that tesamorelin significantly reduced trunk fat and VAT in this population. The LIPO-010 and LIPO-011 phase 3 trials showed mean reductions of 15-18% in trunk fat after 26 weeks of treatment, with improvements in patient body image and lipid profiles.

Beyond its approved indication, tesamorelin has garnered interest for its potential cognitive benefits. A notable study at the University of Washington demonstrated that tesamorelin improved cognitive function in both healthy older adults and those with mild cognitive impairment. Participants receiving tesamorelin showed improvements in executive function and verbal memory, with effects attributed to GH-mediated increases in IGF-1, which plays a role in neuroplasticity and neuroprotection.

Tesamorelin has also been studied for its effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in HIV patients, showing significant reductions in liver fat content. Research continues to explore its potential in broader metabolic and cognitive applications. As an FDA-approved medication with ongoing clinical investigation, tesamorelin represents one of the most well-validated GHRH analogs currently available.